[188] Additionally, the Chicago metropolitan area recorded the greatest number of new or expanded corporate facilities in the United States for calendar year 2014. The fountain's two towers display visual effects from LED images of Chicagoans' faces, along with water spouting from their lips. Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.[333]. It is an important component in global distribution, as it is the third-largest inter-modal port in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore. From the grand historic downtown theatres to those tucked away in a neighborhood storefront or church basement, audiences will find theatre of the highest quality throughout the city. Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened in 1848. The Chicago metropolitan area is the third-largest media market in North America, after New York City and Los Angeles and a major media hub. The July daily average temperature is 75.9F (24.4C), with afternoon temperatures peaking at 85.0F (29.4C). Chicago's homicide tally remained low during 2005 (449), 2006 (452), and 2007 (435) but rose to 510 in 2008, breaking 500 for the first time since 2003. Several special studies provide datafor groups without central data offices, such as the Amish, Buddhist and Hindu groups, as well as Orthodox and non-denominational Christian churches. [citation needed], Chicago contains a number of large, outdoor works by well-known artists. [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. Among denominational Protestant branches, Baptists formed the largest group in Chicago (10%); followed by Nondenominational (5%); Lutherans (4%); and Pentecostals (3%). Non-Christian groups include Irreligious (22%), Judaism (3%), Islam (2%), Buddhism (1%) and Hinduism (1%). Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Conservative Baptist Association of America, General Association of Regular Baptist Churches, Nondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad. The U.S. [306], Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is the governing body of the school district that contains over 600 public elementary and high schools citywide, including several selective-admission magnet schools. [11] Chicago made noted contributions to urban planning and zoning standards, including new construction styles (such as Chicago School architecture, the development of the City Beautiful Movement, and the steel-framed skyscraper). [309] Northside College Preparatory High School is ranked second, Jones College Prep is third, and the oldest magnet school in the city, Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, which was opened in 1975, is ranked fourth. Police and political pressure caused the organization to disband. Muslimcommunities are increasing across the country, fueled by a large increase in masjids and mosques nationwide. [276] The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions and approves the city budget.[277]. One-in-ten Seattleites are self-identified atheists (10%), while 6% are agnostics. Dominicans There is a small community of Dominicans in Chicago. [3] The White population continues to remain the largest racial category and includes the 10.9% of Hispanics who identify as White with the remaining Hispanics identifying as Other Race (43.5%), Multiracial (40.1%), Black (1.5%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (3.7%), Asian (0.3%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). The Puerto Rican-influenced jibarito is a sandwich made with flattened, fried green plantains instead of bread. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. Religious composition of adults in the Chicago metro area Christian 71% Evangelical Protestant 16% Mainline Protestant 11% Historically Black Protestant 8% Catholic 34% Mormon < 1% Orthodox Christian 1% Jehovah's Witness 1% Other Christian 1% Non-Christian Faiths 7% Jewish 3% Muslim 2% Buddhist 1% Hindu 1% Other World Religions 1% Other Faiths 1% Percentage of the total population. The Irish are still very active in the city's politics. [106] The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook and DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties. For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. [109] The North Side is the most-densely-populated residential section of the city, and many high-rises are located on this side of the city along the lakefront. In 2016, the population of Hispanics exceeded that of Blacks to become Chicago's largest minority group with non-Hispanic Whites representing 32.6% of the population, Hispanics at 29.7% of the population, and Blacks at 29.3% of the population. Swedish Americans make up 0.9% of Chicago's population, and they number at 23,990. The Archdiocese of Chicago serves around 2.2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake Counties in Northeastern Illinois, a geographic area of 1,411 square miles. Evangelical Protestantism form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by Mainline Protestants (11%), and historically Black churches (8%). [158], Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6million in 1950 down to under 2.7million by 2010. The Joffrey Ballet and Chicago Festival Ballet perform in various venues, including the Harris Theater in Millennium Park. Lake Shore Drive runs adjacent to a large portion of Chicago's waterfront. In Millennium Park, the reflective Cloud Gate public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor is the centerpiece of the AT&T Plaza in Millennium Park. The City Beautiful movement inspired Chicago's boulevards and parkways. and Chicago Med. Germans have constituted a major portion of ethnic whites in Chicago since the beginning of the city's history. All eight of the city's representatives are Democrats; only two Republicans have represented a significant portion of the city since 1973, for one term each: Robert P. Hanrahan from 1973 to 1975, and Michael Patrick Flanagan from 1995 to 1997. After playing its first eight seasons at Soldier Field, the team moved to suburban Bridgeview to play at SeatGeek Stadium. [258] During the 1990s, with Michael Jordan leading them, the Bulls won six NBA championships in eight seasons. Israelis began coming to Chicago in the 1970s during a period of . The Exposition drew 27.5million visitors, and is considered the most influential world's fair in history. [325], Since the 1980s, many motion pictures have been filmed or set in the city such as The Untouchables, The Blues Brothers, The Matrix, Brewster's Millions, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, Sixteen Candles, Home Alone, The Fugitive, I, Robot, Mean Girls, Wanted, Batman Begins, The Dark Knight, Dhoom 3, Transformers: Dark of the Moon, Transformers: Age of Extinction, Transformers: The Last Knight, Divergent, Man of Steel, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, Sinister 2, Suicide Squad, Justice League, Rampage and The Batman. [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. It is the site of the creation of the first standardized futures contracts, issued by the Chicago Board of Trade, which today is part of the largest and most diverse derivatives market in the world, generating 20% of all volume in commodities and financial futures alone. [88] In 1979, Jane Byrne, the city's first female mayor, was elected. Du Sable was of African descent, perhaps born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti), and established the settlement in the 1780s. ", Appendix C: Regional Freight Transportation Profiles, "Preliminary Traffic Results for 2005 Show Firm Rebound (March 14, 2006)", "Top IDOT official says third airport will be built", "What really happens to Chicago's blue cart recycling? At least three short periods in the history of Chicago have had a lasting influence on American literature. "New York, Philadelphia, and other northern cities: phonology". Roughly three-quarters of residents of three Southern cities Dallas (78%), Atlanta (76%) and Houston (73%) are Christians. [254] Along with Boston, Chicago is the only city to continuously host major professional sports since 1871, having only taken 1872 and 1873 off due to the Great Chicago Fire. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. At least 7.2% identify as a different race and 0.1% identifies as Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. sources of guidance on right and wrong by metro area, Learn More: sources of guidance on right and wrong, Religion, Philosophy/reason, Common sense, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say, Compare: The U.S. Chicago's theater community spawned modern improvisational theater, and includes the prominent groups The Second City and I.O. Late in the 19th century, Chicago was part of the bicycle craze, with the Western Wheel Company, which introduced stamping to the production process and significantly reduced costs,[207] while early in the 20th century, the city was part of the automobile revolution, hosting the Brass Era car builder Bugmobile, which was founded there in 1907. [107], Major sections of the city include the central business district, called The Loop, and the North, South, and West Sides. [90] Washington was succeeded by 6th ward Alderman Eugene Sawyer, who was elected by the Chicago City Council and served until a special election. The chief advocate for improving public health in Chicago was Dr. John H. Rauch, M.D. They largely clustered in Jefferson Park on the city's Northwest Side, coming to the area mostly between the years 19071920. With beaches, ice rinks and bike paths, there's no shortage of outdoor recreation for Chicagoans. Manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. [250] These include from the time of the Great Chicago Fire to about 1900, what became known as the Chicago Literary Renaissance in the 1910s and early 1920s, and the period of the Great Depression through the 1940s. Experience Chicagos most notable music festivals including the Chicago Blues Festival, the Chicago Jazz Festival, Lollapalooza, Pitchfork Music Festival and Riot Fest. Loyola Chicago ranks 307 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity. [117] Other notable streets include Michigan Avenue, State Street, Oak, Rush, Clark Street, and Belmont Avenue. ), Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. Jackson Park offers more than 500 acres of mature parkland along the lakefront, containing flower gardens, watercourses to wooded isles, sports facilities, stocked fish ponds, 18 miles of walking and biking pathsand it's the future site of the Barack Obama Presidential Center. The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 45.3% white and within that 45.3%, 12.9% identify as having Hispanic ancestry (31.7% non-Hispanic white), 32% black, 5% Asian, and 3% from two or more races. [144], Like other major cities, Chicago experiences an urban heat island, making the city and its suburbs milder than surrounding rural areas, especially at night and in winter. [citation needed], Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. The median income for a household in the city was $38,625 in 2000, and the median income for a family was $46,748. The fiscal crisis was resolved by 1933, and at the same time, federal relief funding began to flow into Chicago. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. Chicago has also been the home of several prominent talk shows, including The Oprah Winfrey Show, Steve Harvey Show, The Rosie Show, The Jerry Springer Show, The Phil Donahue Show, The Jenny Jones Show, and more. Chicago has a sizeable Romanian American community,[13] As of 2018[update], the Lithuanian population is over 100,000 and was formerly over 300,000; the world's oldest continuously published Lithuanian-language newspaper Draugus is based in Chicago. If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Chicago, Illinois. As of the 2010 Census, 578,100 residents of the City of Chicago, had full or partial Mexican origins.[7]. [16] Moreover, the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, which helped move goods from the Great Lakes south on the Mississippi River, and of the railroads in the 19th century made the city a major transportation center in the United States. [105] The Illinois Department of Tourism defines Chicagoland as Cook County without the city of Chicago, and only Lake, DuPage, Kane, and Will counties. Population Estimates, July 1 2021, (V2021) . Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. These set a precedent for worldwide construction. [241], Chicken Vesuvio is roasted bone-in chicken cooked in oil and garlic next to garlicky oven-roasted potato wedges and a sprinkling of green peas. May 02, 2012 at 10:49 am. [361] Like Chicago, many of them are the main city of a country that has had large numbers of immigrants settle in Chicago. [312] The district, with an enrollment exceeding 400,545 students (20132014 20th Day Enrollment), is the third-largest in the U.S.[313] On September 10, 2012, teachers for the Chicago Teachers Union went on strike for the first time since 1987 over pay, resources and other issues. This proved successful and blue bins were rolled out across the city. A German wont vote for either of them. At its peak during the 1960s, some 250,000 workers were employed in the steel industry in Chicago, but the steel crisis of the 1970s and 1980s reduced this number to just 28,000 in 2015. [204] In 2022, Kellogg's announced that the new spin-off of its snack business will move to the Chicago area,[205] and Google announced a major real estate acquisition and expansion in the Loop.[206]. % of adults in the Chicago metro area who are, Compare: The 2000 United States Census had shown the population density of the city itself was 12,750.3 people per square mile (4,923.0/km2), making it one of the nation's most densely populated cities. Chicago is a major world convention destination. 35.2%. [174] In 2018, Chicago ranked seventh globally for the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth residents with roughly 3,300 residents worth more than $30million. Segments that link to the city center are named after influential politicians, with three of them named after former U.S.Presidents (Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Reagan) and one named after two-time Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson. Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. Included among these are its nationally renowned deep-dish pizza; this style is said to have originated at Pizzeria Uno. There are eleven selective enrollment high schools in the Chicago Public Schools,[307] designed to meet the needs of Chicago's most academically advanced students. [36], As the site of the Chicago Portage,[37] the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. frequency of prayer by metro area, Learn More: frequency of prayer, At least daily, Weekly, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who attend prayer group, Compare: These institutions consistently rank among the top "National Universities" in the United States, as determined by U.S. News & World Report. By the time of its first census, seven years later, the population had reached over 4,000. frequency of meditation by metro area, Learn More: frequency of meditation, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing, Compare: While Christians make up between 65% and 75% of adults in most of those metro areas - and people with no religious affiliation generally make up roughly 20-25% of the population - some cities stand out for a variety of reasons. Some Irish already lived in Chicago when it was incorporated as a city in 1837. "Chicagoan" redirects here. In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders.