Enter your Primary ID to view your owner manual. WE are from the States. I recommend the Yamaha FG800 for most beginners because it is affordable, sounds great and is easy to play. Outside the USA, please visit the link below to find contact information by country. This headstone is fully adjustable. The final letter is an internal code. The F series is perhaps one of the most reliable guitar brands, whereby quality and tine are a Hallmark of the F Guitar series. 1964, 1974, 1984, 1994, 2004, L???????????? $11. Example: hm02316 = the 316th unit made on June 2 of 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, or 2001. Best Electric Guitars 2022: 8 top picks for every playing style, ability and budget. I would contact Yamaha and see if they know maybe send them a picture of the guitar and the serial number (if you can get an angle that can take a picture of the serial number). Believe it or not, this list does not cover all possible serial numbers. Equipped with such information and you can be in a better position to make the most of your contemporary guitar. Made in Japan, 1989-2002: The second number is the month; February. I would highly recommend them for all your piano needs, and can honestly say that buying my first piano was a really good experience, they were without exception friendly, knowledgeable and they couldn't have been more patient or helpful. But it gives no clue as to the decade so for each letter it could represent the following years. ?, now I think the 97-99, But those are 9 number , and so cannot work it out which year, any help on this appreciated, forgot to mention, open backed tuners on this model . There is no indication of year of production in this system. The hand-piece for playing the acoustic guitar is very simple to use. Save yamaha guitar f310 to get e-mail alerts and updates on your eBay Feed. The next two numbers are the month; 10=October. The last 2 numbers represent the unit number. The first letter indicates the last digit of the year of production. Tenryu/Wada Factory, Made in Japan, 1969-1984: Being able to maintain your guitar can make a significant difference in the quality of sound produces. The Yamaha F310 acoustic guitar is a solid performer thats easy to love. They navigated the twists in out hallway with confidence and our Piano has been perfectly located. If the serial number begins with a "U", the piano was manufactured in South Haven, Michigan. The last 4 numbers represent the unit number. made in Taiwan republic of china . If its missing by design, the instrument is not genuine. The first two numbers are the year; 00=2000. Thanks for your message. This heavy feeling is only present on some models but it is really not a big deal. Made in Japan, 1966-1984. Custom Shop, Made in Japan, 2004-: The example serial number represents the 23rd guitar built on the 14th of August in 1993. Serial numbers on Yamaha guitars repeat every ten years due to the way they are formed. Great page and thanks for collecting so much information! It has a deep and mellow tone that you will definitely love playing. Made in Japan, 1995-1999: The first and second letters are the year; QJ=03. But the complexity of decoding the number isn?t the most frustrating part of this particular serial number system ? Top Rated Seller Top Rated Seller. I think your best option is to contact Yamaha to see if they know. #####. I have a Yamaha FG-160, having trouble with the truss rod,I cannot straiten the neck.I have turned the nut clock wise as far as it will go.Any suggests. AED 38.00. If yours doesn?t you?ll need to keep reading to decipher it. Since the guitar is covered in black finish, it is extremely visible when it is in use. The last three numbers are the unit number. 12233. Letter-letter-###, like so: PM222. The first number is the year; 1992. Past 30 Days. Brand: YAMAHA. The first and second numbers (following the 3 letters) are the day; 18th. They are also equipped with a chrome-plated gold plate. When you first receive your Yamaha F310, you might realize that it feels heavier than many other guitars in the same price range. Martin Dreadnought Junior Acoustic Guitar. She was willing and able to go and find the extra information, but you may have to ask for the owner to get a real expert view. The large showroom is impressive. The third and fourth letters are the date; QI=02. Pitch Shifting: This amazing gadget lets you change the pitch of a string easily. Facebook. With such a unique physical architecture, moving around with the guitar is always exciting. Or maybe you?re just curious about the year that your guitar was built? if you don?t have a serial number that looks one of the ones in the next section, then carry on to the following sections for the less common serial numbers. The first number is the year; 1971. Custom Shop, Made in Japan, 1986-1990: If all eles fails look at the pickups. I hope this translation is accurate. I appreciate this comprehensive listing, but still cant seem to determine when my guitar was manufactured. If you still cant figure it out, please see Yamaha contact info at the bottom of this page. Alternate serial number configurations for Yamaha Classical and Acoustic Guitars, Custom Shop, Made in Japan, 1966-1985: If the serial number begins with a "T", the piano was manufactured in Thomaston, Georgia. This uses a 3 letter, 3 number, 1 letter system. The fourth and fifth numbers represent the day of the month. (Ver. Made in Taiwan, 1984-2002: #-letter-letter-###. YAMAHA CJ-12 acoustic Serial number: KO-169 Tested. Your listing is good but mine is also different. [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons. A very difficult job executed with sheer determination. Local piano shops were expensive, did not carry the exact piano for which we were looking, and did not seem to want to listen to what we desired. There is also a Yamaha Musicians forum where owners of the Yamaha F310 can share their thoughts and ideas. Total price: Add both to Cart. I have one of the first Yamaha CJ838S accoustic guitars fabulous instrument solidly played and gigged since purchase sound just gets better and better and never adjusted.. Back when I bought it , it cost me GBP225 a lot of money then when I bought it which I thought was around 1976. Most copies have no markings on the pickups and are just blank on the back. The second letter is the month; March. #-letter-#####. This example serial number was the 23rd guitar built on the 14th day of September in either 1973, 1983 or 1993. Remember to always observe all applicable boating laws. Our property wasn't the easiest to get a piano in, but the delivery men managed it well.We are very pleased with the piano and the service we received, and are more than happy to recommend the Piano Shop Bath. Any help would be appreciated. It weighs less than four pounds, which makes it easier for the student to handle it. Yamaha Pianos produced for the North American market have been manufactured in 4 locations: As a result, there are four different serial number ranges for Yamaha pianos. I have done lots of work for The Piano Shop Bath on a professional basis and can highly recommend them on every level! The first number is the year; 1986. FG-420-L, made in Taiwan. The guitar has a comfortable slim neck and slightly shorter scale length. Great customer service, good value and highly professional.Thank you. Best Deals for Yamaha F310 Check prices . The second letter is the month and also follows the same system as the main system above. Im also not familiar with any Yamahas with a persons head carved into the headstock. The Guitar Dater Project - Yamaha Serial Number Decoder Yamaha (Ver. Again, if youre still having trouble, please contact Yamaha directly as we have posted all the info we have. What if My Yamaha Serial Number Doesn?t Follow This Format? Buying your first piano should be a wonderful experience; in fact buying any piano should be a real joy. Thanks! #-letter-letter-####, like so: 8FJ0013. But the real star of this little guitar is its "Pro Tuner ," a feature that changes the pitch of the strings to great effect. It has a unique tonewood construction, and it is also designed to be kind on the hands. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Still a fabulous instrument whose tone gets better every year (even if its owner doesnt !!!??)???. The last four numbers are the unit number; 21. This information is usually found inside the sound hole of your guitar. Three letters, six numbers, like so: QIM183112. The 4th and 5th numbers are the day of the month. { The last three numbers indicate unit number. 2023 Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A. All rights reserved. If anyone knows more, feel free to chime in. "itemListElement": T0096752. The second letter is the month; K=April. But the real star of this little guitar is its Pro Tuner, a feature that changes the pitch of the strings to great effect. There are only three action types in this guitar. Y=November. Learn About Guitar Care, Production and Usage. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Tenryu/Wada Factory, Made in Japan, 1985-1986: This way, you can be sure of a rich tone, that is highly responsive and clear. Going by the above that dates it to Oct 99, but is the number date related, or is it the 341st guitar made that month? "@id": "https://sixstringacoustic.com", It has all the usual features of an acoustic guitar: its got a beautifully sculpted body, a thin neck, and a deep and rich tone. The second and third numbers represent the month. ,I have found info on FS310s but nothing on a FS311 series. And theres also a variable ratio for the amount of power that goes into each string. Or, you can even use its appeal to potential clients about your skills in music production. The first two letters are the year; QJ=03. The example serial number above belongs to a guitar that was the 3rd guitar built in September of 1992. 2.0) Hi , I have a Yamaha FS-311 ser.#70509354 out of Taiwan, Am I right in figureing it to be made in 77,87,or 97 ,June 9 ..#354 of the day.? With the Yamaha F310, it will be easy to get up to speed with playing the acoustic guitar without too much trouble. The second and third numbers are the month; March (03). Made in Japan, 1997-: Steve, Hey I have a fg300 red tag, made in Japan. Serial Number: 2004: YT277800: Taoyuan, Taiwan: 2005: YT281000: Taoyuan, Taiwan: 2006: YT285000: I think the best option is to get a guitar tech/luthier to take a look at it for you. was installed without any fuss or damage will definitely use again. Yeah, that number doesnt seem to fit into any of these systems. Yamaha Music Craft, Made in Japan, 2001-: too much pressure on the strings. Show details. No matter which model you choose, it will surely be worth your money. Unfortunately I dont do valuations for guitars, and those serial numbers seem to be numbers that you might have to contact Yamaha to get information on them. The serial number can be seen by opening the toplid of the piano and looking inside. Usually, it is recommended that you store the guitar in the given storage box, away from exposure to the elements. By mt 23 from New York, USA (Land Locked Blues.) This auditorium design is full from top to bottom.Unlike the popular look of a cutout, which is a missing piece where the fretboard meets the body, the F310 has a full guitar bodywith the primary intent of improving sound. If the serial number begins with a "U", the piano was manufactured in South Haven, Michigan. The last 4 (instead of 3) represent the unit number, the rest are the same. This is a great model that features quality construction and a variety of tones. The first number is the year; 1998. The first number is the year; 1997. In a grand piano, the number will be on the gold plate to the left of center; it will be on the same plate to the right. That system uses 3 letters, then 3 numbers, then another letter. Click Hereto read more about best acoustic guitars. One of the most common questions that I get asked is, where do left handed guitars come from?, Read More 6 Best Left Handed GuitarsContinue, Maybe you bought whole new brand guitar or your previous guitar case is broken and you would like, Read More 5 Best Acoustic Guitar CasesContinue, Finding the best electric guitars is difficult, but it is also quite thrilling. Its dreadnought style body provides loud acoustic tone with comfortable playability. I have a hard case to keep it in and it is in excellent shape with no scratches or anything on it. If interested in music and guitars, then you are in the right place and will learn a lot. Amazing! Letter-letter-###-letter, like so: ON521J. Its serial number can be found here. (714) 522-9011. The three numbers are the unit number; 123. Any help in identifying the the manufacture date would be appreciated. Gift items: 1X Bag + 3X picks+1X allen Key. The final three numbers are the unit number; 111. The F-holes allow you to tweak the sound of the guitar. I?ve narrowed it down to 77,87,97 on June 13. The third letter is an internal code for Japan. I can only assume that this has been continued beyond 2010 because I haven?t been able to find any information for a different system but I can?t confirm this. For instance, you need to maintain aspects such as the strings and the frets. 1996? You will also notice that any savvy guitar owner is aware of these tips. If your upright piano is 45" or shorter and has seven numbers in the serial number, it was manufactured in Hamamatsu, Japan after January, 1970. ######. A Full-Bodied Auditorium. hi, i have G-230 nylon sn 1159100 Taiwan could you please tell me the age ? Many reviewers claim that the sound produced by the guitar is very clear and crisp. My Yamaha, certainly pre-1970, has the number 1419682 on the inside of the block where the neck attaches. http://www.harmonycentral.com/forum/forum/guitar/acapella-42/1313586-. The last 3 numbers represent the unit number. Buena Park, CA 90620 Some older outboard models might not show the leading zeroes, but they must be included. guitar gig bag is not particularly well padded. Twitter. In the decoder above, Position 4 through to 8 inclusive is commonly . It has a warm tone that comes from using strings that are thicker than most models on the market. However, it will be located at the top right on an upright piano. Any ideas on when it was made, Hello there, I have a Yamaha G-50A Nippon Gakki classical guitar serial number 1624131 made in Japan I believe. Many people start off playing electric guitars and then go back to acoustic guitars to get better tone. Check out these best patch cables A pedalboard is connected, Read More Best Patch Cables In 2023Continue, Your email address will not be published. Each fret on the Yamaha F310 acoustic guitar also accurately represents one semitone for convenient sound production. The guitar may be a little bulkier than some entry level options. YAMAHA product is warranted against faulty design, workmanship or materials for a period of 36 Months for Portable Keyboards (PSR- S, E, F and I series) and 12 Months for other electronics products from the date of purchase unless otherwise stated, subject to the following terms and conditions: 1. The number following the letter is the year, in this case 7 for 1987. This can make it challenging to invest in a specific brand of sound appliances to suit your needs. It has an Eton-action which is hard with a firm grip. This surprises me as it would have been purchased not long before I got married, the following year. Staff were attentive when asked, but left us to it otherwise. The fourth and fifth numbers are the day; 18th. I have a early 70?s Yamaha classical guitar model # C-180 It has a 5 digit serial #70311 I think, with a red line to the right of the serial number. Furthermore, you can use it in a personal studio, where you perform personal training. Yamaha Guitar Serial Numbers: What Can They Tell You? Letter-letter-letter-###-letter, like so: QIL123A. Others give negative reviews because they are unhappy with the construction or wish they had gotten a different model. It doesnt matter what you use your guitar for because its a great starter model. These are just some of the main benefits of using this guitar. After visiting various music shops in London and not finding the grand piano I wanted, I made the trip by train to explore the piano shop in Bath. Yamaha Corporation of America Eric.. Re yourt Yamaha CJ838S serila 112220834. Highly recommended. Or, if you are a casual player on a budget, you can stick with the FG800 indefinitely. Made in Japan, 2002-: The Truth Will Surprise You, How Much Is an Electric Guitar [2023 Price Guide], Taylor 214ce Review: Acoustics Under $1500 Reviews, When Do you Need to Adjust the Action on an Acoustic Guitar, The unit numbers start at 001 instead of 701. The first two numbers are the day; 18th. The piano was made in Europe and is no longer being made after 1988. Moreover, we also recommend that you learn about proper guitar care and use tips. "The boys" did an amazing job moving my baby grand from the first floor to the second floor. 6600 Orangethorpe Ave. Its an F325D and the serial is HLN0475W. Inside there is a brown label with a black scroll Design motif and G-60A written in gold, the serial number inside is. The Primary ID is located on your outboard's Serial Number label and on your Warranty Card. If you don?t already have your serial number, you?ll need to locate it and in some cases you?ll need to find out where your guitar was made as well ? The serial number can be seen by opening the toplid of the piano and looking inside. sixstringacoustic.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. The first letter is the year and follows the same code as the main system above. 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, I???????????? 213=unit number; and that last letter is an internal code. Four letters and a number, like so: LJQH013. The phrase best implies different, Read More Best Electric Guitars 2022: 8 top picks for every playing style, ability and budgetContinue, Because of their longer scale, the best baritone guitars can easily reach those low tunings youve always wanted, Read More Best Baritone Guitars in 2022Continue, Carrying out to a group? One of the best parts about the F310 is how easy it is to handle. Your email address will not be published. The Piano Removal Company delivered the piano that I bought from the Piano Shop Bath. Letter-letter-letter-###-letter, like so: QLY111C. Apparently, some could even fall outside of this range. You may also have to avoid tampering with elements such as the tonewood or the frets as well. yamaha motor co., ltd. made in japan. so you actually have to know what decade your guitar was built in to begin with. Letter-letter-letter-letter-###, like so: SMQI123. We felt absolutely in safe hands with the pianoremovalcompany. Yamaha Pianos produced for the U.S. market have been manufactured in 6 locations: As a result, there are six different serial number ranges for Yamaha pianos. Yamaha F310 Which way do you turn the truss rod on an acoustic guitar? Tape-taping a fast track? EMI: Up to 12 months EMI facility with Credit Card. Yamaha F310 Guitar Specifications Strings Scale - 642mm Depth of Body - 97-118mm Fingerboard width - 46mm Top Structure - Spruce Back and Sides - Meranti Fingerboard & Bridge Material - Rosewood Neck Material- Nato Tips for Guitar Care Similar to any type of music appliance, taking good care of your guitar is highly essential. Twitter. In this case 1971. Required fields are marked *. Who gives the best guitar lessons on YouTube? Furthermore, you may also have to avoid tampering with the physical components of the guitar. A brilliant service. Six numbers, like so: 610101. With such a unique combination of design features, you can be sure of excellent addition to your sound production regimen. You can rely on it on the road, perhaps when you have a live show with hundreds of thousands of people. However, before we made our decision, Jon listened carefully to what we wanted, answered all of our questions, and provided us with numerous pictures, videos and even sound clips (from Diana, a Piano Shop Pianist). Lo mismo tengo una guitarra nueva Brasilera Giannini, a?o 1956. Is Yamaha F310 acoustic guitar good for beginners? Hi. Dress properly with a USCG-approved personal flotation device and protective gear. There is no serial number anywhere (believe me Ive looked). These are generally stamped Yamaha or at least have marking on them. Other features included in this Yamaha F310 guitar includes the F-holes which are designed in a way so that it will help the instrument to produce very clear tones. Right from the box, the F310 Acoustic is equipped with battery power, an input jack, internal pickups and LED tuning displays. The Yamaha F310 will allow you to play both seamlessly. This guitar is also lightweight. Is Yamaha acoustic guitar good for beginners? I opted for a lovingly restored Bluthner, which I am absolutely delighted with. This was a 2 letter, 3 number, then 1 letter system. As such, the unique physical design makes it easy to play the strings with compromising the sound quality. The fourth and fifth numbers are the day; 18th. Great for beginners. A big thank you to the team for a wonderful experience. the strap attaches to also fell off. Hello, Im just trying to find out more information on my guitar but the serial numbers and the instructions above just dont add up lol. If it is an O at the start and not a 0 then Im not sure. The guitars sound quality does vary with different recordings. Thanks for your message. I have added an English translation to your message as I dont speak Spanish. It is stamped on the head-stock Yamaha EG112 and on the back a Indonesia 10328042. The Q represents an 0 and the N is a 7, meaning 07 for 2007. H??????????? The guitar also has a spruce top, which is a physical structure that is found on the high-end guitar brands. This is the same system as used for ?Made in Japan Custom Shop 1991 ? These include the unique spruce top, which is both durable and also complements the physical structure of the guitar well. Thanks for the very useful advice in determining the age of a Yamaha guitar.. It is, Read More 5 Best Electro-Acoustic GuitarsContinue, Is a disorganized pedal board making tasks difficult? and then the country that the guitar was built in (either Japan, Taiwan or Indonesia). I have an MIJ LS-500 with the serial PX341J. It has pearl pickguards as well. Furthermore, it also features an inbuilt microphone, that lets you adjust to the functionality of acoustic instruments. Model: F310 (EQ) Type: Electro Acoustic Guitar. The frets on the guitar extend across the full width of the guitar neck structure. Because there is only 1 number representing the year, there are possible duplicates using this system. Took great care in dismantling and packing the piano , moving it to its new home and re assembling it. Alternate serial number configurations for Yamaha Electric, Archtop, and Bass Guitars. making it one of the first made and sold. The Yamaha F310 is a fantastic acoustic guitar suitable for any beginner. 1967, 1977, 1987, 1997, 2007. I was dreading having to store it, but they made the whole process very easy, and the team explained they've professionally stored many other pianos. Letter-letter-letter-###-letter, like so: QJM111E. The first 2 numbers represent the year (instead of just 1 previously). Then, we came across The Piano Shop Bath which happened to have the exact piano for which we had been searching.We contacted Jon Kelly of the Piano Shop with a little hesitation: 1. attempting to buy a piano sight unseen, 2. the cost of shipping a largeinstrument from England to the US. Any help would be appreciated. . Who is famous for playing a 12-string guitar? O.K. Thank you so much. Once you master the techniques involved with using the fingerboard and chords, you should have no problem getting the hand into the right position for playing the guitar. YEC Serial Number Lookup Yamaha is always looking to provide our consumers with the latest technologies and the best support for our products. The first two letters are the year; QK=04 (see chart.) or Best Offer . Yamaha serial numbers are recycled every ten years, 29 formats What is the most expensive bass guitar in the world? From my own same make instrument, would suggest you interpret your serial as: manufactured, 1981/1991/2001, the 834th instrument made at the factory on 22 Dec ? Thanks Nate its indeed a 0 my mistake i had a good look at it again. Q=0 and L=5, so 2005. He contacted a world renowned fine arts shipper and got price quotes for air and sea so we would know the complete cost (no hidden fees).After doing some more research, we decided to purchase the piano and ship by sea.About 9 weeks after the purchase, the piano was delivered and installed into our home in pristine condition. Theres a range of modes available: One can shift by octave, half-tone or whole-tone. Letter-letter-letter-####-letter, like so: QKJ0011Y. The first two letters are the year; Q=0 and I=2, so 2002. The fourth and fifth numbers are the day; 18th. This a guitar that can last a new player a long time before theyll feel the need to upgrade to a pro-level instrument. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc or its affiliates. Check in the sound hole at end of neck where trust rod adjustment is.p. They have a wonderful choice of pianos in the shop and I think you are sure to find one that suits.A proper five star service, really rare in this day and age so thank you. Unfortunately, your registration has been declined by the auctioneer. The Best (Affordable) Acoustic Guitars for Beginners, According. I want to sell these and do not want someone to cheat me on these items. Cannot be troubled fussing about with microphones? 17,500. Users will also appreciate the unique YT100 tuner, that comes with a unique pitch indicator and a tuning guide. The first letter is the year; P=1999. Established in 1981, Yamaha Indonesia builds pianos to the same high standards for which all Yamaha instruments are renowned. Letter-letter-letter-######. So, June 2nd, 1988. Kaohsiung Factory, Made in Taiwan, 2001-: Using the charts, we see that H=1991 and P=September. I found The Piano Shop in Bath and am so pleased that I did because they couldn't have been more helpful. If music and guitar has never been part of your interests then this site may change your view and be a music lover. Where are my Serial# and Model# located? You can also check the headstock as it is sometimes not perfect and for sure check the tuners as Yamaha tuner almost always say Yamaha. so the first unit of the day wasn?t 001 but rather 701. Those interested in purchasing the Yamaha F310 can find out a lot of information on the internet about the guitar models available. Pre-Owned. M=June. This is the same as for 1990 to 1996 except there are 9 numbers. The YMMI changed to a 3 letter, 6 number system in 2001 as follows: The first 2 numbers represent the day of the month. From the Yamaha 8-digit dating system (see above), your guitar was the 659th of its range, made on 17 Sep made in either 1996, 2006 or 2016 . Any other activity needs advice from a professional guitarist or certified repairman. This Hot-Selling Guitar is featured with Spruce Top with Rosewood bridge and Fingerboard. For a Kawai piano serial number 676389, the table shows us that it was produced sometime between May 1974 and November 1974. I have two new Yamaha guitars, I think they are from 1961 or earlier, one is the C40 and the other is the C 60 the serial numbers that appear are 61029058; 71010006 respectively, I would like you to help me to know its value. The first 2 numbers represent the day of the month so this is pretty straight forward. Note: The Serial number wizard at the link above only works for serial numbers that follow the format above. You can see how their serial number system is very confusing and how its hard to tell from a lot of the systems they used and a lot of duplicates. The final four numbers are the unit number; 13. You can decode your vin number right here, if you are not sure or your prefix is not listed Send us your VIN number and we will check it for you! It is an FG-180 with a reddish/orange label that says Nippon Gakki. This guitar also has a distinct and distinctive sound. RockJam RJGS01 Universal Portable A-frame Guitar Stand for Acoustic Guitar, Electric Guitar & Bass Guitar, Black, 11.0 in*1.9 in*13.7 in. Using the chart, N=1997 and K=April. instead simple serial code patterns that are available on this site and in the wider guitar community are used. Many times, guitar players find that using a traditional guitar can be very cumbersome. Also, they are extremely light, which makes them easy to handle. . Needing some information please, Needing information please on my Yahama acoustic guitar. The final letter is an unknown internal code. How to Choose the Right Guitar String Gauges? Its got an 8 number code stamped right on the inside of the sound hole of 20128056. and then the country it was built in (either Japan, Taiwan or Indonesia). Kind of wood (back) Meranti: Kind of wood (fingerboard) Rosewood: Kind of wood (neck) If you get unexpected results please double check that any letters at the start of the piano's serial number aren't actually the end of the Yamaha model number or relate to characteristics of the piano such as scale or finish.